One of the best examples of how Kolomoisky conducts business is his ownership of Dnipro Airport. In 2009 Kolomoisky bought 99.45% of shares in the airport through his company Galtera, Under the terms of the investment agreement, Galtera was to invest UAH 882.1 million in the development of the airport, and had to hand over the runway, radio beacon system, and land plots to the state.Ira Chernus is a TomDispatch regular and Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Read more of his writing about Israel, Palestine, and the US on his blog .Author: Chernus, IraDescription: On July 16, 1945, Author: Chernus, Ira Description: On July 16, 1945, the United States set off the world's first atomic explosion.In his "Atoms for Peace" speech of 1953, President Dwight D. Eisenhower captured the …What do you do when every Fortune 100 company in America has the stated goal of promoting anti-whiteness and replacing their primarily white working force with non-whites, in the name of diversity, inclusion and equity? : “The chief business of the American people is business,” President Calvin Coolidge once said. One hundred years later, …the oxford handbook of religio and violence edited by mark juergensmeyer, margo kitts, and michael jerryson oxford university pressBuy Nuclear Madness: Religion and the Psychology of the Nuclear Age by Ira Chernus online at Alibris. We have new and used copies available, in 2 editions - starting at $18.57. Shop now.Uh-oh, it looks like your Internet Explorer is out of date. For a better shopping experience, please upgrade now.by Ira Chernus. View More | Editorial Reviews. Add to Wishlist. Apocalypse Management: Eisenhower and the Discourse of National Insecurity 328.Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Monsters to Destroy : The Neoconservative War on Terror and Sin by Ira Chernus (2006, Perfect) at the ...For eight years President Dwight Eisenhower claimed to pursue peace and national security. Yet his policies entrenched the United States in a seemingly permanent cold war, a spiraling nuclear arms race, and a deepening state of national insecurity. Ira Chernus uncovers the key to this paradox in Eisenhower's unwavering commitment to a consistent way of talking, in private as well as in public ...What kind of national security policy will the Trump administration pursue globally? On this issue, as on so many others, the incoming president has offered enough contradictory clues, tweets, and comments that the only definitive answer right now is: Who knows? During his presidential campaign he m...No one should be surprised by this. I don’t believe anyone can be surprised by this. I mean, come on. White people have been taught for a year and a half that black people are above the law, and that if you try to stop them from committing crimes, you will be charged with a crime and go to prison. We’ve all had it drilled into our heads that blacks …VAN DER WOUDE REVIEW OF BOOKS Ira CHERNUS, Mysticism in Rabbinic Judaism: Studies in the History of Midrash (Studia Judaica 11), Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York, 1982, xii and 162 pp., cloth Dm 62.- This book contains eight studies and a short conclusion and is conclud- ed with a bibliography and indexes of modern scholars, rabbis ...Since late February 2022 Russia's war with Ukraine has dominated the global headlines, but what may have been the most important incident in that conflict has received only a sliver of coverage in the Western mainstream media. One year ago tomorrow a series of massive underwater explosions destroyed most of the $30 billion …Ira Chernus PROFESSOR OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER . NONVIOLENCE IS STARTING TO MATTER IN THE MIDDLE EAST . When does nonviolent resistance produce results? One good answer is: When it provokes repression from the people in power. When resistance can no longer be safely ignored, it is starting to matter.They're prominent guests on Fox, they lead 'grassroots' rallies, they write columns at The Blaze, they are keynote speakers at CPAC, a few were even used to blackmail perceived enemies of Israeli interests -- and they all got their start as actors and models at the same Israeli-owned talent agency. These up and coming conservative …This entry was posted on January 25, 2023 by Vox Populi in Opinion Leaders, Personal Essays, Social Justice, spirituality and tagged Civil rights, drag queen, fathers, Ira Chernus, LGBTQ+, Martin Luther King Jr, non-binary, Ron DeSantis, transexual, transgender, Walt Whitman.by Ira Chernus . Mr. Chernus is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado and a writer for the History News Service. Just a week after the terrorist attack on the United States, National Security Advisor Condoleeza Rice insisted that"this isn't Pearl Harbor." Despite her disclaimer, millions have used the story of Dec. 7 ...View Ira Chernus’ profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. Ira has …Use of multiple, non-Anonymous handles for commenting on this webzine is strongly discouraged, and your secret (real or fictitious) email allows you to authenticate your commenter-identity, preventing others from assuming it, accidentally or otherwise.Generic selectors. Exact matches onlyIra Chernus is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder. His research focuses on the discourse of peace, war, foreign policy, and nationalism in the United States.Security Kritik - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. cards about why securitizing is a bad thingIra Chernus, a TomDispatch regular, is professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado Boulder and author of the online "MythicAmerica: Essays." He blogs at MythicAmerica.us . Share this article ×Ira Chernus, Contributor. Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies, University of Colorado Boulder. Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies, University of Colorado Boulder. Mar 19, 2010, 05:12 AM EDT | Updated Dec 6, 2017. This post was published on the now-closed HuffPost Contributor platform. Contributors control their own work and posted ...Ira Chernus D e acu erdo con Chernus, los neoconservadores norteamericanos secuestraron las ideas de Niebuhr y les transformaron en una visión de mundo: si los impulsos egoístas no son controlados pueden destruir una sociedad, por lo tanto, para preservar el orden social es necesario restaurar el orden m oral, y p a ra ello es necesario ...By Ira Chernus Share Tweet E-mail Every year, apologists for Israel's occupation of Palestine eagerly await Martin Luther King Day. Then they trot out these words, spoken by Dr. King shortly before his death: "When people criticize Zionists they mean Jews; you are talking anti-Semitism."As religion professor Ira Chernus suggests below, Rove regularly manages to do his work in part by calling on that oldest of American stories, the one about fighting the savages on a distant frontier in order to make the world safe for settlers. Chernus, a professor of religion, canny guy, and regular Tomdispatch contributor, explains just how ...Ira Chernus. Home; About; Myth of Israel's Insecurity; News Flash . The Zionist Myth of Insecurity. From a Jewish perspective, the earliest roots of the Israel-Palestine go back to the mid-19 th century, far away from the Middle East, in Russia and other lands of Eastern Europe. There some number of Jews looked westward and saw Jews in ...Ira Chernus PROFESSOR OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER. The "Compassionate Conservative" Scam. George W. Bush's "compassionate conservatism" is a brilliant scam. Even liberal politicians and pundits are endorsing Bush's plan to give billions in tax dollars to churches and other religious groups. After ticking off all the ...Ira Chernus (born October 29, 1946) is a journalist, author, and Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. He received his Ph.D. in Religion from Temple University, specializing in the history of rabbinic Judaism. His academic writing now focuses on the foreign policy ofIra Chernus. Ira Chernus is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder and author of Apocalypse Management: Eisenhower and the Discourse of National Insecurity....Karl Rove's Scheherazade Strategy. By Ira Chernus July 8, 2006 Z Article Ira Chernus July 8, 2006 Z ArticleIra Chernus PROFESSOR OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER . Beyond the In-security State: Where Fear Can't Take Us . Who can deny it? It's an almost physical pleasure to watch George W. Bush's fall from grace. And it's so easy. All you have to do is say, "Bush has botched the war on terrorism.Prof. Ira Chernus - Archive. Trump, a Symptom of What? By Prof. Ira Chernus, April 18, 2017 . The Conspiracy to Kill Martin Luther King: Not a Theory But a Fact By Prof. Ira Chernus, April 04, 2013 . It was supposed to be a "cakewalk": The General and the Trap By Prof. Ira Chernus, April 08, 2008 .Ira Chernus (born October 29, 1946) is a journalist, author, and Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. [1] He received his Ph.D. in Religion from Temple University, specializing in the history of rabbinic Judaism. For much of his career, his academic writing focused on the foreign policy of US presidents. American Nonviolence: The History of An Idea. By Ira Chernus. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2004. xiv + 234 pages. $20.00 (paper). Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 March 2013. John Sniegocki.442 MARA DROGAN Ira Chernus offers a fine‑grained analysis of the genesis of the Atoms for Peace speech in his book, Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace, and Kenneth Osgood gives the best analysis of the propaganda side of the program led by the USIA in Total Cold War: Eisenhower's Secret Propaganda Battle at Home and Abroad.3 A number of books and articles have analyzed different aspects of ...There's a long history of Israel giving in to U.S. pressure in the last 18 months. The administration's efforts to push the Israelis to compromise suggest the president and his advisers would like to do more, if they felt politically safe.American Pravda: “The Truth” and “The Whole Truth” About the Origins of Covid-19. Suppressing Possible Artificial Origins as “a Conspiracy Theory”. The Excluded Third Possibility. The Strong Evidence for an American Biowarfare Attack. Summarizing the Evidence for a Biowarfare Attack and Outlining the Hypothetical Scenario.Ira Chernus. Home; About; Myth of Israel's Insecurity; News Flash . The Zionist Myth of Insecurity. From a Jewish perspective, the earliest roots of the Israel-Palestine go back to the mid-19 th century, far away from the Middle East, in Russia and other lands of Eastern Europe. There some number of Jews looked westward and saw Jews in ...Ira Chernus's MythicAmerica MythicAmerica explores the mythic dimension of American political culture, past, present, and future. The blogger, Ira Chernus, is Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder and author of Apocalypse Management: Eisenhower and the Discourse of National Insecurity . The Neoconservative War on Terror and Sin. Author(s) Ira ChernusDemocrats Should Treat Petraeus and His Surge as IrrelevantFor eight years President Dwight Eisenhower claimed to pursue peace and national security. Yet his policies entrenched the United States in a seemingly permanent cold war, a spiraling nuclear arms race, and a deepening state of national insecurity. Ira Chernus uncovers the key to this paradox in Eisenhower's unwavering commitment to a consistent way of talking, in private as well as in public ...First it was “Blacks can’t outperform whites in school anywhere in the world – just find one country where they do and it’s game over.”. When it was shown that black Africans do perform better than whites in the UK, it changed to “well, those are just pass rates, they can’t outperform whites when you look at actual scores.”.IRA CHERNUS is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Trained in philosophy and religious studies, with a Ph.D. from Temple University, he has focused on the rhetoric and symbolic import of nuclear weapons and U.S. foreign policy. He is co-director of the Peace and Conflict Studies Program at the University ...The SSRC is an independent, international, nonprofit organization. It fosters innovative research, nurtures new generations of social scientists, deepens how inquiry is practiced within and across disciplines, and mobilizes necessary knowledge on important public issues.Ira Chernus has an analysis up at Tom Dispatch on the grandiose mythologies that are fueling our country’s endless war against evil. Call it blotting out history. We lose the ability to really ...Ira Chernus is Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder and author of Apocalypse Management: Eisenhower and the Discourse of National Insecurity (Stanford, 2008). Everyone who follows the news in the historians' world now knows that Stephen Ambrose spent far less time interviewing Dwight D. Eisenhower than he ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Bibliographic Info, "They can easily ignore much of the reality, hold on to the ideal instead, and in that way find great intellectual as well as emotional satisfaction" (Chernus 3)., "We judge it the way we judge a poem or a painting, by its power to move us emotionally; to challenge or reassure us intellectually; to shape ...IRA CHERNUS is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Trained in philosophy and religious studies, with a Ph.D. from Temple University, he has focused on the rhetoric and symbolic import of nuclear weapons and U.S. foreign policy.school of the undivine. support KtB. believer, bewareIra Chernus: What ever happened to plain old apocalypse? For those of us of a certain age, it seems as if the world has always been ending. It's easy now to forget just how deep fears and fantasies about a nuclear apocalypse went in the "golden" 1950s.As Ira Chernus has chronicled in his book Atoms for Peace, the proposal paradoxically grew out of Eisenhower's distaste for arms control. He had launched a nuclear buildup that would increase the ...Author: Chernus, IraDescription: On July 16, 1945, Author: Chernus, Ira Description: On July 16, 1945, the United States set off the world's first atomic explosion.In his "Atoms for Peace" speech of 1953, President Dwight D. Eisenhower captured the tensions_and the ironies_of the atomic age.Ira Chernus's book would at first glance seem an unlikely candidate to forward the admirable goal of the "Stanford Nuclear Age" series, as stated by its general editor Martin J. Sherwin. Sherwin argues that scholarship on the nuclear age needs to be "broadened" beyond the "managerial focus" that has characterized many of the studies ...As TomDispatch regular and professor of religious studies Ira Chernus points out today, they uniformly believe — shades of GWOT — that our country is in a literal “world war” at this very second, and they seem to believe as well that its fate and the planet’s are at stake, even if none of them can quite decide whom it is we’re ...Ira Chernus is Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Having written extensively on Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and George W. Bush, he is now writing a book tentatively titled "Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Origins of the National Insecurity State." He can be contacted at [email protected] Ira Chernus has chronicled in his book Atoms for Peace, the proposal paradoxically grew out of Eisenhower's distaste for arms control. He had launched a nuclear buildup that would increase the ...by Ira Chernus. View More | Editorial Reviews. Add to Wishlist. Apocalypse Management: Eisenhower and the Discourse of National Insecurity 328.The corporate form. by Vaughn A. Booker, Mona Oraby and Nathan Schneider April 2, 2021. Print. This forum responds to a recent call in the Journal of the American Academy of Religion to investigate the corporate form and extends earlier TIF discussions on philanthropy, economy, and corporation. The journal article excited us and struck as ...As Israeli Jews were preparing to light their first Hanukkah candle, the Prime Minister of Gaza, Ismael Haniyeh, told a press conference…The Immanent Frame publishes interdisciplinary perspectives on religion, secularism, and the public sphere.Atoms for Peace. American commemorative stamp of 1955 in allusion to the program Atoms for Peace. " Atoms for Peace " was the title of a speech delivered by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to the UN General Assembly in New York City on December 8, 1953. I feel impelled to speak today in a language that in a sense is new—one which I, who ...Here's the question no one is asking as 2012 ends, especially given the effusive public support the Obama administration offered Israel in itsIra Chernus Showing 1 - 20 of 20 Picking Up Where FDR Left Off. Democrats Must Beware the Curse of 1972. The Danger of Scaring the Voters. For Mom, Blueberry Pie — and Iraq? Forgotten War, Tragic Peace. Brandishing Nukes-A Self-Defeating Policy. The National Insecurity State.While the media focus on Donald Trump, his family, and his associates, looking for the next sensational headline, the Republicans in the White House and Congress are quietly doing things that get l…In this thought-provoking consideration of Eisenhower's speech and others leading up to it, Ira Chernus views the "Atoms for Peace" speech, presented to the General Assembly of the United Nations, not merely as a legitimation of American foreign policy but as itself an act of policy. Indeed, he frames the policy in a new interpretation of ...These reptile creatures are behind the satanic ritual abuse of children, and also responsible for faking all wars to confuse people. That’s why it’s important to understand the game, so you don’t get sucked into their illusion that there is a difference between Russia and America.Let’s face it: since 9/11 everything in our American world has been wildly out of proportion. Understandably enough, at the time that attack was - Tom Engelhardt for Antiwar.com OriginalKarl Rove's Scheherazade Strategy. By Ira Chernus July 8, 2006 Z Article Ira Chernus July 8, 2006 Z ArticleFREDRIC JAMESON'S INTERPRETATION OF POSTMODERNISM. Ira Chernus. Most interpreters of postmodernism assume that there is a clearcut difference between the modern era and the postmodern era. The modern era is the period that began (in western Europe) in the late 17th century and ended some time in the 1960s; the postmodern is the last 30 years or so.Ira Chernus will have office hours on Tuesday 2:00 – 3:00 or by appointment in Humanities 284: [email protected] Claire Koestner will have office hours on Tuesday and Thursday 1:00 — 2:00 or by appointment inAs Israeli Jews were preparing to light their first Hanukkah candle, the Prime Minister of Gaza, Ismael Haniyeh, told a press conference…Just days after the New York Times Magazine's lurid cover story, "Israel Vs. Iran," the Washington Post struck back withIra Chernus, Contributor. Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies, University of Colorado Boulder. Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies, University of Colorado Boulder. Aug 2, 2012, 07:08 PM EDT | Updated Oct 2, 2012. This post was published on the now-closed HuffPost Contributor platform. Contributors control their own work and posted ...MSNBC REVEALS FACTS ON ISRAEL'S WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. Most astounding web page of the week: http://www.msnbc.com/news/wld/graphics/strategic_israel_dw.htm ...For eight years President Dwight Eisenhower claimed to pursue peace and national security. Yet his policies entrenched the United States in a seemingly permanent cold war, a spiraling nuclear arms race, and a deepening state of national insecurity. Ira Chernus uncovers the key to this paradox in Eisenhower's unwavering commitment to a consistent way of talking, in private as well as in public ...IRA CHERNUS EDUCATION BA, Rutgers University, 1968 (Philosophy) MA, Temple University, 1973 (Religion) Ph.D., Temple University, 1975 (Religion) EMPLOYMENT Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, 1974-1976 Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1976-1982Ira Chernus PROFESSOR OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER. PATRIOT Act Promotes Homeland INsecurity . It's the Fourth of July, and I'm thinking about what it means to be a patriot. Patriot: from Latin, pater (father). The USA PATRIOT Act has been law for over a year now. It is the most radical threat to civil liberties in ...By Ira Chernus Yes, it changed everything — not September 11, 2001, when the Twin Towers collapsed, but November 9, 1989, when the Berlin Wall fell and left the U.S. at sea, drifting without an enemy in a strange new world.Field of fright. The terror inside Trump's White House. by Ira Chernus, 6 February 2017. Le Monde diplomatique. Field of fright.In an age in which gloom, doom, and annihilation are everywhere, it’s vital to bring genuine hope — the reality, not just the word — back into political life. Ira Chernus, a TomDispatch regular, is professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado Boulder and author of the online “MythicAmerica: Essays.”.For eight years President Dwight Eisenhower claimed to pursue peace and national security. Yet his policies entrenched the United States in a seemingly permanent cold war, a spiraling nuclear arms race, and a deepening state of national insecurity. Ira Chernus uncovers the key to this paradox in Eisenhower's unwavering commitment to a consistent way of talking, in private as well as in public ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Bibliographic Info, "They can easily ignore much of the reality, hold on to the ideal instead, and in that way find great intellectual as well as emotional satisfaction" (Chernus 3)., "We judge it the way we judge a poem or a painting, by its power to move us emotionally; to challenge or reassure us intellectually; to shape ...8 For the full text of Eisenhower’s speech as well as for an account of the speech’s genesis, see Ira Chernus, Eisenhower’s Atoms for Peace (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2002); on ‘Atoms for Peace’ also see Kenneth Osgood, Total Cold War: Eisenhower’s Secret Propaganda Battle at Home and Abroad (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008).It’s a competitive scene out there, and many firms offer excellent features. Finding the best ira account depends upon what is most important to you. For most people, the best ira account comes with low to no fees and a multitude of investm...Dec 10, 2017 · Ira Chernus is a professor emeritus of religious studies at the University of Colorado and author of MythicAmerica: Essays. He blogs at mythicamerica.us, hosted by History News Network. Dr. Ira Chernus, Dept. of Religious Studies . Dr. Ricardo Stephen, Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry . 1 Introduction . As a Religious Studies major that is also interested in the field of science, I wanted to write an honors thesis that was able to incorporate both of these fields. Having been to SouthArticles by: Prof. Ira Chernus. Disclaimer: The contents of this article are of sole responsibility of the author(s). The Centre for Research on Globalization will not be responsible for any inaccurate or incorrect statement in this article. The Centre of Research on Globalization grants permission to cross-post Global Research articles on ...
For eight years President Dwight Eisenhower claimed to pursue peace and national security. Yet his policies entrenched the United States in a seemingly permanent cold war, a spiraling nuclear arms race, and a deepening state of national insecurity. Ira Chernus uncovers the key to this paradox in Eisenhower's unwavering commitment to a consistent way of talking, in private as well as in public ... . Ku vs tx
Apr 16, 2017 · Ira Chernus, Faith Talk 2008. By Ira Chernus On January 13, 2008. 1. 2. Ira Chernus is professor emeritus of religious studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. In his retirement, he has created an online anthology of Walt Whitman’s words. Ira CHERNUS, Monsters To Destroy These books are available at the LEFTHAND BOOKSTORE, 1200 Pearl Street (just east of Broadway, south side of mall, lower level). They are usually open 10:00 AM - 9:00 PM Monday through Saturday and noon - 6:00 PM Sunday. Call 443-8252 to make sure they are open. The books were not ordered through the CU Bookstore.WEB: Ira Chernus, "Eisenhower: Faith and Fear in the Fifties"; Ira Chernus, "President Eisenhower and Dr. King on Peace and Human Nature" Nov. 2: THE 21ST CENTURY Ira Chernus, Monsters To Destroy, chapters 6, 8, 10, 11, 13; Ira Chernus, "Apocalypse in the White House: From FDR to Obama"; Barack Obama, Inaugural AddressIra Chernus and Randall Fowler have written an impressive study of breathtaking scope, challenging much of the conventional wisdom surrounding both FDR and the main tenets of the nation's foreign policy. This is scholarship as it should be—a must-read for all students of presidential rhetoric and of national security policymaking."—Ira Chernus has an analysis up at Tom Dispatch on the grandiose mythologies that are fueling our country’s endless war against evil. Call it blotting out history. We lose the ability to really ...Ira Chernus brings up a question that should be on all our minds. What ever happened to the pre-Iraq-invasion massive peace movement? At a time when Americans should have been in the streets ...Author: Ira Chernus Publisher: Texas A&M University Press ISBN: 9781585442201 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 190. View. Book Description ...Ira Chernus PROFESSOR OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER . NEOCONS MAY BE DOWN, NOT OUT, WITH A NUCLEAR IRAN . If Iran wants nukes they'll get them, and there ain't a damn thing the U.S. can do about it. We'll just have to learn to live with a nuclear-armed Iran.Ira Chernus. October 29, 2001. If Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., were alive today, he might well be leading acts of civil disobedience against the war in Afghanistan. And he would probably be charged with domestic terrorism, under the new anti-terrorism act. I bless Israel that all its enemies may be as dumb as Ira Chernus. While the Israeli government constantly sounds alarms about imagined Iranian nuclear weapons — though its intelligence services now suggest Iran won't have even one before 2015 at the earliest — Israel remains the region's only nuclear power for the foreseeable future.IRA CHERNUS is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Trained in philosophy and religious studies, with a Ph.D. from Temple University, he has focused on the rhetoric and symbolic import of nuclear weapons and U.S. foreign policy. Kevin B. MacDonald is an American psychologist. A retired professor of psychology at California State University, Long Beach (CSULB), he is best known for writings that characterize Jewish behavior as a “group evolutionary strategy.” Grégoire Canlorbe: It is not uncommon to employ the locution “Judeo-Bolsheviks” to designate the …Ira Chernus. Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies, University of …Ira Chernus Most interpreters of postmodernism assume that there is a clearcut ….